What is the difference between glycolysis and aerobic respiration

Aerobic vs Anaerobic Glycolysis. Glycolysis is the first step of ATP formation that takes place in the cytosol outside of the mitochondria, using glucose as the energy source. It occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic environments, and is the only pathway which has the ability to produce ATP in the absence of oxygen. Therefore, it can be seen in the organisms like prokaryotes, cells like erythrocytes, and in hypoxic environments such as rapidly contracting muscle tissue or ischaemic tissue that lack mitochondria.

The process of glycolysis can be divided into aerobic or anaerobic glycolysis, depending on the oxygen availability of the environment it takes place.

After that, fructose 6-phosphate is converted to fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate, which further splits into dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde by the action of the enzyme aldose. Furthermore, both dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde are readily converted into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, which is then oxidized to 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate.

Then, this produces a 3-phosphoglycerate molecule whose phosphate group is transferred into the second carbon position of the same molecule to form a 2-phosphoglycerate molecule. In addition to this, the removal of a water molecule from the 2-phosphoglycerate produces the phosphoenolpyruvate PEP.

Most importantly, the overall reactions of the glycolysis produce two pyruvate molecules, two NADH molecules, two ATP molecules, and two water molecules. Aerobic glycolysis is the type of glycolysis occurring in the presence of oxygen. Therefore, it leads to aerobic respiration, which is a type of cellular respiration taking place in the presence of oxygen.

The two subsequent steps of aerobic respiration are the Krebs cycle and the oxidative phosphorylation. Pyruvate, which is the end product of the glycolysis, transforms i nto the matrix of mitochondria, forming acetyl-CoA from pyruvate by eliminating carbon dioxide in a process called oxidative decarboxylation.

The total yield of ATP in aerobic respiration is Figure 2: Aerobic Respiration. Sometimes, aerobic glycolysis also refers to a condition called the Warburg Effect in which glucose is converted to lactate in the presence of oxygen. Here, when oxygen is in short supply or when cells are undergoing aerobic glycolysis, NADH reduces pyruvate to lactate instead of re-oxidized in mitochondria by oxidative phosphorylation.

Regrettably, this reduces the total yield of ATP in aerobic respiration. However, the clinical significance of aerobic glycolysis occurs within cancer stem cells in a tumour.

Hence, extensive aerobic glycolysis has been indicative of aggressive cancer. Anaerobic glycolysis is the type of glycolysis occurring in the absence of oxygen.

Thus, it leads to anaerobic respiration. Basically, there are two types of anaerobic respiration: ethanol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

Ethanol fermentation mainly occurs in yeast and lactic acid fermentation occurs in mammals. In addition, in bacteria, lactate is replaced by different substances such as propionate. Anaerobic glycolysis kicks in during activities that last a long time — it helps body muscles burn up energy.

However, anaerobic exercise should not be utilized often since it can lead to the build-up of lactic acid in the body, an excess of which results in body cramps. Anaerobic exercise, on the other hand, helps build muscle mass and allows the body to burn an increased amount of calories, even while at rest. For best results, both aerobic and anaerobic exercises should be incorporated into fitness regimens to keep the body at maximum efficiency.

Cite APA 7 Franscisco,. Difference Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Glycolysis. Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects. MLA 8 Franscisco,. To you. In the last paragraph, it says that the anaerobic glycolysis kicks in during activities that last a long time. I thought it was for a short duration like sprinting etc. Name required. Email required.